Computer Graphics (part 1)
-Introduction to Computer Graphics
The term computer graphics includes almost everything on computers that is not text or sound. Today almost every computer can do some graphics, and people have even come to except to control their computer through icons and pictures rather than just by typing.
Computer Graphics is about digital models for three dimensional geometric objects as well as images. The term "computer graphics" describes the representation and manipulation of image data by using a computer. It is the sub-field of computer science which studies methods for digitally synthesizing and manipulating visual content with the help of various technologies.
The interaction and understanding of computers and interpretation of data has been made easier because of computer graphics. Computer graphics development has had a significant impact on many types of media and has revolutionized animation, movies and the video game industries. Some of the graphic software are Ms-paint, Freehand, Adobe Indesign, CorelDraw, Adobe Photoshop etc.
-Uses of Computer Graphics:
The following are the common use of computer graphics in different fields.
- Computer-aided design (CAD)
- Digital Art
- Web design
- Video game
- Virtual reality
-Photo Editing Software:
Photo editing software are the application packages which allows to change and modify the images according to required styles and format. These images can be digital photographs, illustrations, graphs, pictures etc. Photo editing software also allows removing unnecessary things from the selected image and includes attractive effects over it. There are various photo editing programs available in the market like Adobe Photoshop, Microsoft Picture Manager, GIMP, Photo filter etc.
-Learning Photoshop.
Adobe Photoshop: Adobe Photoshop is one of the popular graphics design and image-editing software developed by Thomas Knoll at Adobe Company in 1988. It is very much useful for the professionals like desktop publishers, web designers, digital photographers, videographer, etc. for image manipulation and printing.
Photoshop software is being designed in different versions by Adobe Company. The company introduced and released its latest version CS5.1 and above.
- Features of Photoshop.
Some of the features of Adobe Photoshop are as follows.
- It is easy and effective for creating and editing images.
- It provides several tools to perform the image task quickly.
- It supports 2D to 3D image conversion.
- It allows to save images for the web.
- It allows to format and print images in desired style.
- Starting Photoshop Program:
First of all please download the Photoshop software, make sure it is updated and latest one.
Follow the given steps to start Photoshop.
Step 1: Click on start button.
Step 2: Choose All Programs, select Adobe Design Premium and click on Adobe Photoshop.
Step 3: Now the Photoshop program will be opened. As shown in the picture.
- Toolbox and Different Tools of Photoshop
Tool box in Photoshop is the collection of the related different tools to perform any task quickly and effectively. We can design and edit pictures and images by using these tools from the toolbox.
The list of the common tools with their functions in Photoshop is given below.
a) Marquee tool : It's function is to make image rectangular or square.
b) Move tool : It's function is to move the pictures or images.
c) Lasso tool : It's function is to make free selection from the help of mouse.
d) Magic Wand tool : It's function is to allowing to select the larger area of image by grabbing similar pixels together.
e) Crop tool : It's function is to crop the photo or image in required shape or size.
f) Slice tool : It's function is to slice the images or pictures in different sections.
g) Spot healing brush tool : It's function is to remove the spot from photo or image.
h) Brush tool : It's function is to paint the image.
i) Clone stamp tool : It's function is to make clone and duplicate in the selected area.
j) History brush tool : It's function is to apply synapse paint.
k) Eraser tool : It's function is to remove or erase any part of image or pictures.
l) Gradient tool : It's function is to fill gradient from one color to another color.
m) Blur tool : It's function is to make image dim by reducing the pixel contrast.
n) Dodge tool : It's function is to bring lightness on the image.
o) Path selection tool : It's function is to select and export any part of image to other application.
p) Type/text tool : It's function is to type the character, text.
q) Pen tool : It's function is to edit point location and draw any shape.
r) Rectangle tool : It's function is to draw rectangle shape.
s) Hand tool : It's function is to navigate or move the photo up, down, left, right
t) Zoom tool : It's function is to see the image in zoom in or zoom out mode
u) Foreground color tool : It's function is to set foreground color
v) Background color tool : It's function is to background color
w) Toggle tool : It's function is to set opposite color
x) Set default colors tool : It's function is to set default colors
Many more other tools ....
- Use of different tools to edit images in Photoshop
1) Lasso Tool: The lasso tool is used for selecting areas of image making as freehand by mouse. Follow these steps to use lasso tool.
Step 1: Click on the tool box.
Step 2: Click the required lasso tool.
Step 3: Click on picture and drag the mouse to keep required shape.
2) Applying Magic Wand Tool: This option allows to select a larger area of image by grabbing similar pixels and groups together.
Step 1: Open an image to apply magic wand.
Step 2: Select/click on the magic wand tool.
Step 3: Click on the area of an image and apply necessary action.
3) Crop Tool: This tool is used to select a particular area of an image and discard the portions outside of the chosen section. It also assists in creating a focus point on an image and excluding unnecessary or excess space. Follow these steps to apply crop tool.
Step 1: Select the required part of image.
Step 2: Click on crop tool from tool box.
Step 3: Drag the part of image for setting proper size with the help of mouse.
Step 4: Finally press enter key or double click on mouse.
4) Eraser Tool: The eraser tool is used to remove or erase any part of an image. Follow these steps to use eraser tool.
Step 1: Click on the tool box.
Step 2: Click the erase tool.
Step 3: Click on picture then drag the mouse pointer to erase required portion of the photo.
5) Gradient Tool: Gradient tool is used to fill colors horizontaly which is useful for creating banners. To use gradient tool follow these steps.
Step 1: Click on the gradient tool.
Step 2: Drag across the image.
Step 3: Move towards left to right or right to left to determine the flow of gradient.
6) Blur Tool: The blur tool is used to reduce the extra pixel contrast and make the image dim. Follow these steps to use blur tool.
Step 1: Select the image to apply blur tool.
Step 2: Click on the blur tool.
Step 3: Choose the blur tool.
Step 4: Select the required brush from the present picker option as well mode, strength etc.
Step 5: Now drag the mouse pointer over the part of picture and release the mouse.
7) Pen Tool: The pen tool is used for selecting specific side of the picture. Follow these steps to use pen tool.
Step 1: Select the image to apply pen tool.
Step 2: Click on the tool box.
Step 3: Choose the required pen tool from the options.
Step 4: Drag the mouse pointer to the required location for designing the image format.
8) Slice Tool: The slice tool is used to divide an image into different sections, and these separate parts can be used as pieces. Follow these steps to use slice tool.
Step 1: Click on tool box.
Step 2: Click on slice tool.
Step 3: Click and drag on picture.
Now we can save sliced part as separate file.
9) Dudge Tool: The dudge tool is used to remove the darkness of the image and make it bright or bring lighten. Follow these steps to apply dudge tool.
Step 1: Select the image to apply dudge tool.
Step 2: Click on the tool box.
Step 3: Choose the dudge tool.
Step 4: Drag the mouse pointer to the required location for setting lightening
10) Note Tool: The note tool is used to type note or reference text about the existing photo. Follow these steps to use note tool.
Step 1: Open or select the photo to type note.
Step 2: Click on the tool box.
Step 3: Click on Note type tool.
Step 4: Drag to required location of the photo.
Step 5: Start typing the note.
11) Zoom Tool: Zoom tool is used to set zoom size in the image that looks like magnifying glass. To use zoom tool follow these steps.
Step 1: Open an image.
Step 2: Click on zoom tool.
Step 3: Click the left mouse button to zoom the image.
Step 4: Press the "CTRL" key from the keyboard and click the left mouse button to zoom in.
12) Hand Tool: The hand tool is used to move the image horizontally or vertically. Follow these steps to use hand tool.
Step 1: Click on the tool box.
Step 2: Click on hand tool.
Step 3: Click on picture or text then drag the mouse pointer.
13) Text Tool: The text tool is used to type the character, word or sentences on selected location. Follow these steps to use text tool.
Step 1: Click on the tool box.
Step 2: Click on text tool.
Step 3: Drag by clicking the pointer.
Step 4: Start typing the text.
14) Path Selection Tool: The path selection tool is used to change or transform the direction of the image picture. Follow these steps to use path selection tool.
Step 1: Select the image to apply path selection.
Step 2: Click on the tool box.
Step 3: Click on path selection tool.
Step 4: Drag the mouse pointer by clicking any path of the image.
15) Applying History Feature: History feature is used to return back in the history of the selected image while working. Using this option we can determine the previous action and steps as well how it looked previously.
Step 1: Select or open the image.
Step 2: Apply some action.
Step 3: Click on windows menu.
Step 4: Choose the option history.
Step 5: Click on the previous history actions from the dialogue box.
Many more............
-Scanning Photos Using Scanner
The images including photos, pictures, graphics, plain text etc. can be scanned and edited using the scanner effectively in Photoshop. To scan and edit picture in Photoshop, follow these steps.
Step 1: Open or place the photo, picture or image on the scanner to scan.
Step 2: Click on file menu then select the option import.
Now the sub menu will be displayed with the model name of connected scanner on the screen.
Step 3: Click on the model name of your scanner.
Now scanning windows screen will appear.
Step 4: Click on preview button just above the window.
Step 5: Click on setting tab and set the options such as brightness, contrast etc.
Step 6: Click on color mode combo box and choose the required color mode such as RGB, black, white, Grayscale etc.
Step 7: Click on up or down arrow of Resolution (DPI) and set the required value.
Step 8: Click on scan button.
Now scanning progress dialog box appears and after sometimes the photo will be seen on the Photoshop window after scanning.
Step 9: Now save the scanned photo by using the command File... save as.
Step 10: Select the location and type file name for the photo then click on save button.
to be continued......
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